Kubernetes Cluster API Provider IBM Cloud

Kubernetes-native declarative infrastructure for IBM Cloud.

What is the Cluster API Provider IBM Cloud

The Cluster API brings declarative, Kubernetes-style APIs to cluster creation, configuration and management.

The API itself is shared across multiple cloud providers allowing for true IBM Cloud hybrid deployments of Kubernetes. It is built atop the lessons learned from previous cluster managers such as kops and kubicorn.

CAPIBM Supported Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)

Currently, the CAPIBM project exclusively facilitates the deployment of Kubernetes (K8s) clusters solely on two IBM infrastructure offerings, namely IBM VPC (Virtual Server Instances) and IBM PowerVS.

Quick Start

Check out the getting started section to create your first Kubernetes cluster on IBM Cloud using Cluster API.

Tilt-based development environment

See developer guide section for details.

Documentation

Please see our Book for in-depth user documentation.

Additional docs can be found in the /docs directory, and the index is here.

Getting involved and contributing

Are you interested in contributing to cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud? We, the maintainers and community, would love your suggestions, contributions, and help! Also, the maintainers can be contacted at any time to learn more about how to get involved.

In the interest of getting more new people involved, we tag issues with good first issue. These are typically issues that have smaller scope but are good ways to start to get acquainted with the codebase.

We also encourage all active community participants to act as if they are maintainers, even if you don’t have “official” write permissions. This is a community effort, we are here to serve the Kubernetes community. If you have an active interest and you want to get involved, you have real power! Don’t assume that the only people who can get things done around here are the “maintainers”.

We also would love to add more “official” maintainers, so show us what you can do!

This repository uses the Kubernetes bots. See a full list of the commands here.

Join us

The community holds a bi-weekly meeting every Friday at 09:00 (IST) / 03:30 (UTC) on Zoom. Subscribe to the SIG Cluster Lifecycle Google Group for access to documents and calendars

Other ways to communicate with the contributors

Please check in with us in the #cluster-api-ibmcloud channel on Slack.

Github issues

Bugs

If you think you have found a bug please follow the instructions below.

• Please spend a small amount of time giving due diligence to the issue tracker. Your issue might be a duplicate.
• Get the logs from the cluster controllers. Please paste this into your issue.
• Open a bug report.
• Remember users might be searching for your issue in the future, so please give it a meaningful title to helps others.

Tracking new features

We also use the issue tracker to track features. If you have an idea for a feature, or think you can help Cluster API Provider IBMCloud become even more awesome, then follow the steps below.

• Open a feature request.
• Remember users might be searching for your issue in the future, so please give it a meaningful title to helps others.
• Clearly define the use case, using concrete examples. EG: I type this and cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud does that.
• Some of our larger features will require some design. If you would like to include a technical design for your feature please include it in the issue.
• After the new feature is well understood, and the design agreed upon we can start coding the feature. We would love for you to code it. So please open up a WIP (work in progress) pull request, and happy coding.

Getting Started

For prerequisites, check the respective sections for VPC and PowerVS

Now that we’ve got all the prerequisites in place, let’s create a Kubernetes cluster and transform it into a management cluster using clusterctl.

Provision local boostrap management cluster:

1. Create simple, local bootstrap cluster with a control-plane and worker node

   Using kind:

   ~ kind create cluster --name my-bootstrap --config bootstrap.yaml
   

   Example bootstrap.yaml:

   kind: Cluster
   apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
   nodes:
      - role: control-plane
      - role: worker
   

   Make sure the nodes are in Ready state before moving on.

   ~ kubectl get nodes
   NAME                         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
   my-bootstrap-control-plane   Ready    control-plane,master   46h   v1.20.2
   my-bootstrap-worker          Ready    <none>                 46h   v1.20.2
   

2. Set workload cluster environment variables

   Make sure these value reflects your API Key for your target VPC environment or PowerVS environment in IBM Cloud.

   export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<YOUR_API_KEY>
   

3. To deploy workload cluster with Custom Service Endpoint, Set SERVICE_ENDPOINT environmental variable in semi-colon separated format:

   ${ServiceRegion1}:${ServiceID1}=${URL1},${ServiceID2}=${URL2};${ServiceRegion2}:${ServiceID1}=${URL1...}.

   Supported ServiceIDs include - vpc, powervs, rc, cos, transitgateway

    export SERVICE_ENDPOINT=us-south:vpc=https://us-south-stage01.iaasdev.cloud.ibm.com,powervs=https://dal.power-iaas.test.cloud.ibm.com,rc=https://resource-controller.test.cloud.ibm.com
   

   Note: Refer Regions-Zones Mapping for more information.

4. For enabling debug level logs for the controller, set the LOGLEVEL environment variable(defaults to 0).

   export LOGLEVEL=5
   

5. Initialize local bootstrap cluster as a management cluster

   When executed for the first time, the following command accepts the infrastructure provider as an input to install. clusterctl init automatically adds to the list the cluster-api core provider, and if unspecified, it also adds the kubeadm bootstrap and kubeadm control-plane providers, thereby converting it into a management cluster which will be used to provision a workload cluster in IBM Cloud.

   ~ clusterctl init --infrastructure ibmcloud:<TAG>
   

   Note: If the latest release version of the provider is available, specifying TAG can be avoided. In other cases, you can specify any prerelease version compatible with the supported API contract as the TAG.
   Example: clusterctl init –infrastructure ibmcloud:v0.2.0-alpha.5

   Output:

   Fetching providers
   Installing cert-manager Version="v1.5.3"
   Waiting for cert-manager to be available...
   Installing Provider="cluster-api" Version="v0.4.4" TargetNamespace="capi-system"
   Installing Provider="bootstrap-kubeadm" Version="v0.4.4" TargetNamespace="capi-kubeadm-bootstrap-system"
   Installing Provider="control-plane-kubeadm" Version="v0.4.4" TargetNamespace="capi-kubeadm-control-plane-system"
   Installing Provider="infrastructure-ibmcloud" Version="v0.1.0-alpha.2" TargetNamespace="capi-ibmcloud-system"
   
   Your management cluster has been initialized successfully!
   
   You can now create your first workload cluster by running the following:
   
   clusterctl generate cluster [name] --kubernetes-version [version] | kubectl apply -f -
   

6. Once the management cluster is ready with the required providers up and running, proceed to provisioning the workload cluster. Check the respective sections for VPC and PowerVS to deploy the cluster.

7. For deploying with your workload cluster with Cloud Controller manager or Cluster Class template, refer to deploy with cloud controller manager and deploy PowerVS cluster with cluster class template sections respectively.

Deploy with Cloud Controller manager

To deploy VPC workload cluster with IBM cloud controller manager, or with PowerVS cloud controller manager, set the PROVIDER_ID_FORMAT environmental variable to v2.

   export PROVIDER_ID_FORMAT=v2
   export EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET=true

Note: EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET should be set for deploying workload cluster with Cloud Controller manager.

Deploy PowerVS cluster or VPC cluster with ClusterClass template

To deploy workload cluster with PowerVS clusterclass-template or VPC clusterclass-template. Set the following environmental variables.

export PROVIDER_ID_FORMAT=v2
export EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET=true
export CLUSTER_TOPOLOGY=true

Note: Currently, both ClusterClass and ClusterResourceSet are experimental feature so we need to enable the feature gate by setting EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET, CLUSTER_TOPOLOGY environmental variables.

IBM Cloud Machine Images for CAPIBM Clusters

CAPIBM requires a “machine image” containing pre-installed, matching versions of kubeadm and kubelet. Machine image is required during the cluster creation in the IBMVPCMachineTemplate and IBMPowerVSMachineTemplate spec.

Pre-built public Images are published by the maintainers regularly for each new Kubernetes version.

Note: These images are only for the test purpose

• IBM Cloud VPC Images
• IBM Cloud PowerVS Images

VPC Images

Note: These images are built using the image-builder tool and more information can be found here

PowerVS Images

PowerVS Images with DHCP based network

Note: These images are built using the image-builder tool and more information can be found here

Topics

This section contains information about using IBM Cloud features with Cluster API Provider IBM Cloud.

• IBM Cloud VPC Cluster
• IBM Cloud PowerVS Cluster

VPC Cluster

Contents

• Prerequisites
• Uploading an image
• Creating a cluster
• Creating a cluster with Load Balancer and external cloud provider
• Creating a cluster from ClusterClass

Prerequisites

1. Install kubectl (see here). Because kustomize was included into kubectl and it’s used by cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud in generating yaml files, so version 1.14.0+ of kubectl is required, see integrate kustomize into kubectl for more info.
2. You can use either VM, container or existing Kubernetes cluster act as the bootstrap cluster.
   • If you want to use container, install kind. This is preferred.
   • If you want to use VM, install minikube, version 0.30.0 or greater.
   • If you want to use existing Kubernetes cluster, prepare your kubeconfig.
3. Install a driver if you are using minikube. For Linux, we recommend kvm2. For MacOS, we recommend VirtualBox.
4. An appropriately configured Go development environment
5. Install clusterctl tool (see here)

Build workload cluster image:

1. Build a qcow2 image suitable for use as a Kubernetes cluster machine as detailed in the image builder book.

   Note: Rename the output image to add the .qcow2 extension. This is required by the next step.

   For more information about the images can be found at machine-images section

2. Upload the VPC Gen2 custom image to IBM Cloud following this section or the detailed explainations in the VPC documentation.

Uploading an image to the IBM Cloud

Build the Ubuntu image as described in the previous VPC section. Make sure to build the qcow2 version by following the instructions for ibmcloud vpc image build.

Since the IBM Cloud does not support dots before the qcow2 extension, rename the file as follows:

ubuntu-2004-ibmcloud-kube-v1-23-4.qcow2

Upload VM image:

1. Create an IBM COS instance
2. Create a bucket in the COS instance.
3. Upload the image
   1. Upload via aspera
      • Install the browser extension for Aspera
      • Downloading the Aspera tool
      • Selecting the image via Aspera dialog
      • Upload the image via aspera
   2. Using minio cli
      • Install minio cli
      • Creating a service credential with hmac=true for the bucket
      • Example upload for eu-de:

        mc alias set uploadcos https://s3.eu-de.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud <hmac access id> <hmac secret key>
        

        mc cp <image-name>.qcow2 uploadcos/<my-bucket-name>
        

Add VM image to VPC

1. Make sure you have editor rights for all/most VPC services
2. Add additional read rights for:

src: service VPC Infrastructure Services resourceType equals image
target: serviceInstance string equals <your-Cloud-Object Storage-VM-plain-name>

Add write rights for:

Service VPC Infrastructure Services in Resource_group <your_resource_group_or_account> resourceType equals image
target: service Cloud object storage in resource_group <your_resource_group_or_account>

3. Go to https://cloud.ibm.com/vpc-ext/provision/customImage

• Fill in imagename, resource group or account
• Choice box: Cloud Object Storage
• Set Filter: <your_cos_plain_name> <eu-de_or_other> <your_vm_bucket>
• Choice box: Select your image
• Select base os (ubuntu-20-04-amd64 for example)
• Click Create Image

Now you can provision a VM with your own VM image. Then please continue with creating a cluster.

Make sure you take the ImageID from your VM image. The ImageID can be determined using ibmcloud cli. In addition, the Kubernetes version must be set to match the image. In this example:

v1.23.4

Provision workload Cluster in IBM Cloud VPC

Now that we have a management cluster ready, you can create your workload cluster by following the steps below.

1. Using clusterctl, render the yaml through templates and deploy the cluster

   Note: the IBMVPC_IMAGE_NAME value below should reflect the Name of the custom qcow2 image

   IBMVPC_REGION=us-south \
   IBMVPC_ZONE=us-south-1 \
   IBMVPC_RESOURCEGROUP=4f15679623607b855b1a27a67f20e1c7 \
   IBMVPC_NAME=ibm-vpc-0 \
   IBMVPC_IMAGE_NAME=capibm-vpc-ubuntu-2004-kube-v1-26-2 \
   IBMVPC_PROFILE=bx2-4x16 \
   IBMVPC_SSHKEY_NAME=capi-vpc-key \
   clusterctl generate cluster ibm-vpc-0 --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 \
   --target-namespace default \
   --control-plane-machine-count=1 \
   --worker-machine-count=2 | kubectl apply -f -
   

   Output:

   cluster.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-vpc-0 created
   ibmvpccluster.infrastructure.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-vpc-0 created
   kubeadmcontrolplane.controlplane.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-vpc-0-control-plane created
   ibmvpcmachinetemplate.infrastructure.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-vpc-0-control-plane created
   machinedeployment.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-vpc-0-md-0 created
   ibmvpcmachinetemplate.infrastructure.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-vpc-0-md-0 created
   kubeadmconfigtemplate.bootstrap.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-vpc-0-md-0 created
   

   Note: Refer below for more detailed information on VPC variables.

   • IBMVPC_REGION
   • IBMVPC_ZONE
   • IBMVPC_RESOURCEGROUP
   • IBMVPC_IMAGE_NAME
   • IBMVPC_PROFILE
   • IBMVPC_SSHKEY_NAME

2. Check the state of the provisioned cluster and machine objects within the local management cluster

   Clusters

   ~ kubectl get clusters
   NAME         PHASE
   ibm-vpc-0    Provisioned
   

   Kubeadm Control Plane

   ~ kubectl get kubeadmcontrolplane
   NAME                       INITIALIZED   API SERVER AVAILABLE   VERSION   REPLICAS   READY   UPDATED   UNAVAILABLE
   ibm-vpc-0-control-plane    true          true                   v1.26.2   1          1       1
   

   Machines

   ~ kubectl get machines
   ibm-vpc-0-control-plane-vzz47     ibmvpc://ibm-vpc-0/ibm-vpc-0-control-plane-rg6xv   Running        v1.26.2
   ibm-vpc-0-md-0-5444cfcbcd-6gg5z   ibmvpc://ibm-vpc-0/ibm-vpc-0-md-0-dbxb7            Running        v1.26.2
   ibm-vpc-0-md-0-5444cfcbcd-7kr9x   ibmvpc://ibm-vpc-0/ibm-vpc-0-md-0-k7blr            Running        v1.26.2
   

3. Deploy Container Network Interface (CNI)

   Example: calico

   ~ clusterctl get kubeconfig ibm-vpc-0 > ~/.kube/ibm-vpc-0
   ~ export KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/ibm-vpc-0
   ~ kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.15/manifests/calico.yaml
   

4. Check the state of the newly provisioned cluster within IBM Cloud

   ~ kubectl get nodes
   NAME                             STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
   ibm-vpc-0-control-plane-rg6xv    Ready    master   41h   v1.26.2
   ibm-vpc-0-md-0-4dc5c             Ready    <none>   41h   v1.26.2
   ibm-vpc-0-md-0-dbxb7             Ready    <none>   20h   v1.26.2
   

Provision workload Cluster with Load Balancer and external cloud provider in IBM Cloud VPC

⚠️ WARNING: This feature is currently in experimental stage

Steps

• To deploy a VPC workload cluster with Load Balancer IBM external cloud provider, create a cluster configuration with the external cloud provider template
• The external cloud provider template will use clusterresourceset and will create the necessary config map, secret and roles to run the cloud controller manager
• As a prerequisite set the provider-id-fmt flag with value v2

Deploy VPC cluster with Load Balancer and IBM cloud provider

  IBMCLOUD_API_KEY="XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" \
  IBMVPC_REGION=us-south \
  IBMVPC_ZONE=us-south-1 \
  IBMVPC_RESOURCEGROUP_NAME="ibm-hypershift-dev" \
  IBMVPC_RESOURCEGROUP=4f15679623607b855b1a27a67f20e1c7 \
  IBMVPC_NAME=ibm-vpc-0 \
  IBMVPC_IMAGE_NAME=capibm-vpc-ubuntu-2004-kube-v1-26-2 \
  IBMVPC_PROFILE=bx2-4x16 \
  IBMVPC_SSHKEY_NAME=capi-vpc-key \
  IBMACCOUNT_ID="ibm-accountid" \
  BASE64_API_KEY=$(echo -n $IBMCLOUD_API_KEY | base64) \
  clusterctl generate cluster ibm-vpc-0 --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 \
  --target-namespace default \
  --control-plane-machine-count=1 \
  --worker-machine-count=2 | kubectl apply -f -

Change disk size for the boot volume

There are two following variables for controlling the volume size for the boot disk.

• IBMVPC_CONTROLPLANE_BOOT_VOLUME_SIZEGIB: Size of the boot volume for the control plane nodes, default set to 20GiB
• IBMVPC_WORKER_BOOT_VOLUME_SIZEGIB: Size of the boot volume for the worker nodes, default set to 20GiB

Note: Default value is set to 20GiB because the images published for testing are of size 20GiB(default size in the image-builder scripts as well).

Create IBM VPC Cluster Using ClusterClass

Preface

• To deploy IBM Cloud VPC workload cluster using ClusterClass, create a cluster configuration from the clusterclass-template.
• The clusterclass-template will use ClusterResourceSet and will create the necessary config map, secret and roles to run the cloud controller manager
• The flags EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET and CLUSTER_TOPOLOGY need to be set to true.

A comprehensive list of IBM Cloud VPC Regions and Zones can be found here

Deploy a cluster using IBM Cloud VPC infrastructure using ClusterClass

IBMVPC_CLUSTER_CLASS_NAME=ibmvpc-clusteclass \
IBMVPC_REGION= <IBM Cloud VPC region> \
IBMVPC_ZONE= <IBM Cloud VPC zone> \
IBMVPC_RESOURCEGROUP= <Resource Group of the associated IBM Cloud account> \
IBMVPC_NAME= <Name of VPC> \
IBMVPC_IMAGE_NAME=capibm-vpc-ubuntu-2004-kube-v1-26-2 \
IBMVPC_PROFILE=bx2-4x16 \
IBMVPC_SSHKEY_NAME= <SSH key to be used> \
BASE64_API_KEY=$(echo -n $IBMCLOUD_API_KEY | base64) \
IBMACCOUNT_ID= <IBM Account ID> \
clusterctl generate cluster ibm-mix-clusterclass --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 --target-namespace default --control-plane-machine-count=1 --worker-machine-count=2 --from=./templates/cluster-template-vpc-clusterclass.yaml | kubectl apply -f -

PowerVS Cluster

Contents

• Prerequisites
• Creating a cluster
• Creating a cluster with external cloud provider
• Creating a cluster from ClusterClass
• Creating a cluster by auto creating required resources
• Using autoscaler with scaling from 0 machine

Prerequisites

1. Install kubectl (see here). Because kustomize was included into kubectl and it’s used by cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud in generating yaml files, so version 1.14.0+ of kubectl is required, see integrate kustomize into kubectl for more info.
2. You can use either VM, container or existing Kubernetes cluster act as the bootstrap cluster.
   • If you want to use container, install kind. This is preferred.
   • If you want to use VM, install minikube, version 0.30.0 or greater.
   • If you want to use existing Kubernetes cluster, prepare your kubeconfig.
3. Install a driver if you are using minikube. For Linux, we recommend kvm2. For MacOS, we recommend VirtualBox.
4. An appropriately configured Go development environment
5. Install clusterctl tool (see here)
6. Install pvsadm tool (see here)
7. Install capibmadm tool (see here)

PowerVS Prerequisites

Create an IBM Cloud account.

If you don’t already have one, you need a paid IBM Cloud account to create your Power Systems Virtual Server instance. To create an account, go to: cloud.ibm.com.

Create an IBM Cloud account API key

Please refer to the following documentation to create an API key.

Create Power Systems Virtual Server Service Instance

After you have an active IBM Cloud account, you can create a Power Systems Virtual Server service. To do so, perform the following steps:

1. TO-DO

Create Network

A public network is required for your kubernetes cluster. Perform the following steps to create a public network for the Power Systems Virtual Server service instance created in the previous step.

1. Create Public Network

   ~ export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<API_KEY>
   ~ capibmadm powervs network create --name capi-test --service-instance-id 3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07 --zone osa21
   

   Output:

   Creating PowerVS network service-instance-id="3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07" zone="osa21"
   Successfully created a network networkID="3ee5a1ca-19b4-48c7-a89d-44babdd18703"
   

Import the machine boot image:

$ export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<API_KEY>
$ capibmadm powervs image import --service-instance-id <SERVICE_INSTANCE_ID>  --zone <ZONE> --bucket-region <BUCKET_REGION> --object <OBJECT>  --name <POWERVS_IMAGE_NAME> --bucket <BUCKETNAME> --public-bucket

e.g:

$ capibmadm powervs image import --service-instance-id 3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07  --zone osa21 --bucket-region jp-tok --object RHEL9.0-image.ova.gz  --name powervs_image --bucket  ocp-development-public-bucket --public-bucket

For more information about the images can be found at machine-images section

Provision workload cluster in IBM Cloud PowerVS

Now that we have a management cluster ready, you can create your workload cluster by following the steps below.

1. Create PowerVS network port

   ~ export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<API_KEY>
   ~ capibmadm powervs port create --network capi-test --description capi-test-port --service-instance-id 3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07 --zone osa21
   

   Output:

   Creating Port  Network ID/Name="capi-test" IP Address="" Description="capi-test-port" service-instance-id="3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07" zone="osa21"
   Successfully created a port portID="c7e7b6e0-0b0d-4a11-a90b-6ea293deb5ac"
   DESCRIPTION      EXTERNAL IP   IP ADDRESS      MAC ADDRESS         PORT ID                                STATUS
   capi-test-port                 192.168.167.6   fa:16:3e:89:c8:80   c7e7b6e0-0b0d-4a11-a90b-6ea293deb5ac   DOWN
   

   ~ capibmadm powervs port list --network capi-test --service-instance-id 3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07 --zone osa21
   

   Output:

   Listing PowerVS ports service-instance-id="3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07" network="capi-test"
   DESCRIPTION      EXTERNAL IP   IP ADDRESS      MAC ADDRESS         PORT ID                                STATUS
   capi-test-port   163.68.65.6   192.168.167.6   fa:16:3e:89:c8:80   c7e7b6e0-0b0d-4a11-a90b-6ea293deb5ac   DOWN
   

2. Use clusterctl to render the yaml through templates and deploy the cluster

   Note: To deploy workload cluster with PowerVS cloud controller manager which is currently in experimental stage follow these steps.

   Note: the IBMPOWERVS_IMAGE_ID value below should reflect the ID of the custom qcow2 image, the kubernetes-version value below should reflect the kubernetes version of the custom qcow2 image.

   IBMPOWERVS_SSHKEY_NAME="my-pub-key" \
   IBMPOWERVS_VIP="192.168.167.6" \
   IBMPOWERVS_VIP_EXTERNAL="163.68.65.6" \
   IBMPOWERVS_VIP_CIDR="29" \
   IBMPOWERVS_IMAGE_NAME="capibm-powervs-centos-streams8-1-26-2" \
   IBMPOWERVS_SERVICE_INSTANCE_ID="3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07" \
   IBMPOWERVS_NETWORK_NAME="capi-test" \
   clusterctl generate cluster ibm-powervs-1 --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 \
   --target-namespace default \
   --control-plane-machine-count=3 \
   --worker-machine-count=1 \
   --flavor=powervs | kubectl apply -f -
   

   Output:

   cluster.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-powervs-1 created
   ibmpowervscluster.infrastructure.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-powervs-1 created
   kubeadmcontrolplane.controlplane.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-powervs-1-control-plane created
   ibmpowervsmachinetemplate.infrastructure.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-powervs-1-control-plane created
   machinedeployment.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-powervs-1-md-0 created
   ibmpowervsmachinetemplate.infrastructure.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-powervs-1-md-0 created
   kubeadmconfigtemplate.bootstrap.cluster.x-k8s.io/ibm-powervs-1-md-0 created
   

   Additional parameters for modifying PowerVS Control-Plane spec

   IBMPOWERVS_CONTROL_PLANE_MEMORY
   IBMPOWERVS_CONTROL_PLANE_PROCESSORS
   IBMPOWERVS_CONTROL_PLANE_SYSTYPE
   IBMPOWERVS_CONTROL_PLANE_PROCTYPE
   

   Additional parameters for modifying PowerVS Compute node spec

   IBMPOWERVS_COMPUTE_MEMORY
   IBMPOWERVS_COMPUTE_PROCESSORS
   IBMPOWERVS_COMPUTE_SYSTYPE
   IBMPOWERVS_COMPUTE_PROCTYPE
   

   Additional parameters for modifying PowerVS Cluster API server port

   API_SERVER_PORT
   

3. Check the state of the provisioned cluster and machine objects within the local management cluster

   Clusters

   ~ kubectl get clusters
   NAME         PHASE
   ibm-powervs-1    Provisioned
   

   Kubeadm Control Plane

   ~ kubectl get kubeadmcontrolplane
   NAME                       INITIALIZED   API SERVER AVAILABLE   VERSION   REPLICAS   READY   UPDATED   UNAVAILABLE
   ibm-powervs-1-control-plane    true          true                   v1.26.2   1          1       1
   

   Machines

   ~ kubectl get machines
   ibm-powervs-1-control-plane-vzz47     ibmpowervs://ibm-powervs-1/ibm-powervs-1-control-plane-rg6xv   Running        v1.26.2
   ibm-powervs-1-md-0-5444cfcbcd-6gg5z   ibmpowervs://ibm-powervs-1/ibm-powervs-1-md-0-dbxb7            Running        v1.26.2
   ibm-powervs-1-md-0-5444cfcbcd-7kr9x   ibmpowervs://ibm-powervs-1/ibm-powervs-1-md-0-k7blr            Running        v1.26.2
   

4. Deploy Container Network Interface (CNI)

   Example: calico

   ~ clusterctl get kubeconfig ibm-powervs-1 > ~/.kube/ibm-powervs-1
   ~ export KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/ibm-powervs-1
   ~ kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.15/manifests/calico.yaml
   

5. Check the state of the newly provisioned cluster within IBM Cloud

   ~ kubectl get nodes
   NAME                             STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
   ibm-powervs-1-control-plane-rg6xv    Ready    master   41h   v1.26.2
   ibm-powervs-1-md-0-4dc5c             Ready    <none>   41h   v1.26.2
   ibm-powervs-1-md-0-dbxb7             Ready    <none>   20h   v1.26.2
   

IBM PowerVS External Cloud Provider

⚠️ WARNING: This feature is currently in experimental stage

Steps

• To deploy a PowerVS workload cluster with IBM PowerVS external cloud provider, create a cluster configuration with the external cloud provider template
• The external cloud provider template will use clusterresourceset and will create the necessary config map, secret and roles to run the cloud controller manager
• As a prerequisite set the provider-id-fmt flag with value v2

Deploy PowerVS cluster with IBM PowerVS cloud provider

IBMPOWERVS_SSHKEY_NAME="my-pub-key" \
IBMPOWERVS_VIP="192.168.167.6" \
IBMPOWERVS_VIP_EXTERNAL="163.68.65.6" \
IBMPOWERVS_VIP_CIDR="29" \
IBMPOWERVS_IMAGE_NAME="capibm-powervs-centos-streams8-1-26-2" \
IBMPOWERVS_SERVICE_INSTANCE_ID="3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07" \
IBMPOWERVS_NETWORK_NAME="capi-test" \
IBMACCOUNT_ID="ibm-accountid" \
IBMPOWERVS_REGION="osa" \
IBMPOWERVS_ZONE="osa21" \
BASE64_API_KEY=$(echo -n $IBMCLOUD_API_KEY | base64) \
clusterctl generate cluster ibm-powervs-1 --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 \
--target-namespace default \
--control-plane-machine-count=3 \
--worker-machine-count=1 \
--flavor=powervs-cloud-provider | kubectl apply -f -

When the cluster is created with above parameters, The IBM PowerVS cloud provider will

1. Initialize the node by fetching appropriate VM information such as IP, zone, region from Power Cloud.

Create IBM PowerVS Cluster Using ClusterClass

Steps

• To deploy PowerVS workload cluster using ClusterClass, create a cluster configuration from the clusterclass-template
• The PowerVS cluster will use external cloud provider. As a prerequisite set the provider-id-fmt flag with value v2
• The clusterclass-template will use clusterresourceset and will create the necessary config map, secret and roles to run the cloud controller manager

Deploy PowerVS cluster with IBM PowerVS cloud provider

IBMPOWERVS_CLUSTER_CLASS_NAME="powervs-cc" \
IBMPOWERVS_SSHKEY_NAME="my-pub-key" \
IBMPOWERVS_VIP="192.168.167.6" \
IBMPOWERVS_VIP_EXTERNAL="163.68.65.6" \
IBMPOWERVS_VIP_CIDR="29" \
IBMPOWERVS_IMAGE_NAME="capibm-powervs-centos-streams8-1-26-2" \
IBMPOWERVS_SERVICE_INSTANCE_ID="3229a94c-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07" \
IBMPOWERVS_NETWORK_NAME="capi-test" \
IBMACCOUNT_ID="ibm-accountid" \
IBMPOWERVS_REGION="osa" \
IBMPOWERVS_ZONE="osa21" \
BASE64_API_KEY=$(echo -n $IBMCLOUD_API_KEY | base64) \
clusterctl generate cluster ibm-powervs-1 --kubernetes-version v1.26.2 \
--target-namespace default \
--control-plane-machine-count=3 \
--worker-machine-count=1 \
--flavor=powervs-clusterclass | kubectl apply -f -

Create required resources for IBM PowerVS cluster

Steps

• To deploy cluster which creates required resources, set powervs.cluster.x-k8s.io/create-infra:true annotation to IBMPowerVSCluster resource.
• The cluster will be configured with IBM PowerVS external cloud provider
• The create_infra template will use clusterresourceset and will create the necessary config map, secret and roles to run the cloud controller manager
• As a prerequisite set the provider-id-fmt flag with value v2

Deploy PowerVS cluster with IBM PowerVS cloud provider

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api_key>> \
IBMPOWERVS_SSHKEY_NAME="karthik-ssh" \
COS_BUCKET_REGION="us-south" \
COS_BUCKET_NAME="power-oss-bucket" \
COS_OBJECT_NAME=capibm-powervs-centos-streams8-1-28-4-1707287079.ova.gz \
IBMACCOUNT_ID="<account_id>" \
IBMPOWERVS_REGION="wdc" \
IBMPOWERVS_ZONE="wdc06" \
IBMVPC_REGION="us-east" \
IBM_RESOURCE_GROUP="ibm-hypershift-dev" \
BASE64_API_KEY=$(echo -n $IBMCLOUD_API_KEY | base64) \
clusterctl generate cluster capi-powervs- --kubernetes-version v1.28.4 \
--target-namespace default \
--control-plane-machine-count=3 \
--worker-machine-count=1 \
--from ./cluster-template-powervs-create-infra.yaml | kubectl apply -f -

Using Autoscaler to scale machines from 0 machine

The autoscaler project supports cluster-api. With this enhancement now the user can use cluster-api feature to scaling from 0 machine.

Settinng up the workload cluster

While creating a workload cluster, We need to set the below annotations to machinedeployment inorder to enable the autoscaling, This is one of the prerequisites for autoscaler.

apiVersion: cluster.x-k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: MachineDeployment
metadata:
  name: "${CLUSTER_NAME}-md-0"
  annotations:
    cluster.x-k8s.io/cluster-api-autoscaler-node-group-max-size: "5"
    cluster.x-k8s.io/cluster-api-autoscaler-node-group-min-size: "0"

Setting up the cluster-autoscaler

1. Clone the autoscaler repository

git clone https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler.git

2. Build the autoscaler binary

cd cluster-autoscaler 
go build .

3. Start the autoscaler

./cluster-autoscaler \
--cloud-provider=clusterapi \
--v=2 \
--namespace=default \
--max-nodes-total=30 \
--scale-down-delay-after-add=10s \
--scale-down-delay-after-delete=10s \
--scale-down-delay-after-failure=10s \
--scale-down-unneeded-time=5m \
--max-node-provision-time=30m \
--balance-similar-node-groups \
--expander=random \
--kubeconfig=<workload_cluster_kubeconfig> \
--cloud-config=<management_cluster_kubeconfig>

Note:

1. autoscaler can be run in different ways the possible ways are described here.
2. autoscaler supports various command line flags and more details about it can be found here.

Use case of cluster-autoscaler

1. Create a workload cluster with 0 worker machines
2. Create a sample workload

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: busybox
  name: busybox-deployment
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: busybox
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: busybox
    spec:
      containers:
        - command:
            - sh
            - -c
            - echo Container 1 is Running ; sleep 3600
          image: busybox
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          name: busybox
          resources:
            requests:
              cpu: "0.2"
              memory: 3G

3. Scale the deployment to create addition pods

kubectl scale --replicas=2 deployment/busybox-deployment 

4. Obeserve the status of new pods

kubectl get pods                                        
NAME                                  READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
busybox-deployment-7c87788568-qhqdb   1/1     Running   0          48s
busybox-deployment-7c87788568-t26bb   0/1     Pending   0          5s

5. On the management cluster verify that the new machine creation is being triggered by autoscaler

NAME                                        CLUSTER               NODENAME                                  PROVIDERID                                                                                      PHASE          AGE     VERSION
karthik-ibm-powervs-control-plane-smvf7     karthik-ibm-powervs   karthik-ibm-powervs-control-plane-pgwmz   ibmpowervs://osa/osa21/3229a-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07/809cd0f2-7502-4112-bf44-84d178020d8a   Running        82m     v1.24.2
karthik-ibm-powervs-md-0-6b4d67ccf4-npdbm   karthik-ibm-powervs   karthik-ibm-powervs-md-0-qch8f            ibmpowervs://osa/osa21/3229a-af54-4212-bf60-6202b6fd0a07/50f841e5-f58c-4569-894d-b40ba0d2696e   Running        76m     v1.24.2
karthik-ibm-powervs-md-0-6b4d67ccf4-v7xv9   karthik-ibm-powervs                                                                                                                                             Provisioning   3m19s   v1.24.2

6. After sometime verify that the new node being added to the cluster and pod is in running state

kubectl get nodes
NAME                                      STATUS   ROLES           AGE   VERSION
karthik-ibm-powervs-control-plane-pgwmz   Ready    control-plane   92m   v1.24.2
karthik-ibm-powervs-md-0-n8c6d            Ready    <none>          42s   v1.24.2
karthik-ibm-powervs-md-0-qch8f            Ready    <none>          85m   v1.24.2

kubectl get pods
NAME                                  READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
busybox-deployment-7c87788568-qhqdb   1/1     Running   0          19m
busybox-deployment-7c87788568-t26bb   1/1     Running   0          18m

7. Delete the deployment to observe the scale down of nodes by autoscaler

kubectl delete deployment/busybox-deployment

kubectl get nodes
NAME                                      STATUS   ROLES           AGE    VERSION
karthik-ibm-powervs-control-plane-pgwmz   Ready    control-plane   105m   v1.24.2
karthik-ibm-powervs-md-0-qch8f            Ready    <none>          98m    v1.24.2

capibmadm CLI

Kubernetes Cluster API Provider IBM Cloud Management Utility

Install capibmadm

Install capibmadm binary with curl on Linux

If you are unsure you can determine your computers architecture by running uname -a

Download for AMD64:

curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud/releases/download/v0.7.0/capibmadm-linux-amd64 -o capibmadm

Download for ARM64:

curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud/releases/download/v0.7.0/capibmadm-linux-arm64 -o capibmadm

Download for PPC64LE:

curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud/releases/download/v0.7.0/capibmadm-linux-ppc64le -o capibmadm

Make the capibmadm binary executable.

chmod +x ./capibmadm

Move the binary in to your PATH.

sudo mv ./capibmadm /usr/local/bin/capibmadm

Test to ensure the version you installed is up-to-date:

capibmadm version -o short

Install capibmadm binary with curl on macOS

If you are unsure you can determine your computers architecture by running uname -a

Download for AMD64:

curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud/releases/download/v0.7.0/capibmadm-darwin-amd64 -o capibmadm

Download for M1 CPU (“Apple Silicon”) / ARM64:

curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud/releases/download/v0.7.0/capibmadm-darwin-arm64 -o capibmadm

Make the capibmadm binary executable.

chmod +x ./capibmadm

Move the binary in to your PATH.

sudo mv ./capibmadm /usr/local/bin/capibmadm

Test to ensure the version you installed is up-to-date:

capibmadm version -o short

Install capibmadm binary with curl on Windows using PowerShell

Go to the working directory where you want capibmadm downloaded.

Download the latest release on AMD64; on Windows, type:

curl.exe -L https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud/releases/download/v0.7.0/capibmadm-windows-amd64.exe -o capibmadm.exe

Append or prepend the path of that directory to the PATH environment variable.

Download the latest release on ARM64; on Windows, type:

curl.exe -L https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud/releases/download/v0.7.0/capibmadm-windows-arm64.exe -o capibmadm.exe

Append or prepend the path of that directory to the PATH environment variable.

Test to ensure the version you installed is up-to-date:

capibmadm.exe version -o short

1. PowerVS commands

2. VPC commands

capibmadm powervs <commands>

1. PowerVS commands

• key
  • create
  • delete
  • list
• network
  • create
  • delete
  • list
• port
  • create
  • delete
  • list
• image
  • import
  • list

PowerVS Image Commands

1. capibmadm powervs image import

Usage:

Import PowerVS image.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–bucket: Cloud Object Storage bucket name.

–bucket-region: Cloud Object Storage bucket location.

–object: Cloud Object Storage object name.

–accesskey: Cloud Object Storage HMAC access key.

–secretkey: Cloud Object Storage HMAC secret key.

–name: Name to PowerVS imported image.

–public-bucket: Cloud Object Storage public bucket.

–watch-timeout: watch timeout.

–pvs-storagetype: PowerVS Storage type, accepted values are [tier1, tier3]..

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
# import image using default storage type (service credential will be autogenerated):
capibmadm powervs image import --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> -b <bucketname> --object rhel-83-10032020.ova.gz --name <imagename> -r <region> --zone <zone>

# import image using default storage type with specifying the accesskey and secretkey explicitly:
capibmadm powervs image import --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> -b <bucketname> --object rhel-83-10032020.ova.gz --name <imagename> -r <region> --zone <zone> --accesskey <accesskey> --secretkey <secretkey>

# with user provided storage type:
capibmadm powervs image import --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> -b <bucketname> --pvs-storagetype <storagetype> --object rhel-83-10032020.ova.gz --name <imagename> -r <region> --zone <zone>

#import image from a public IBM Cloud Storage bucket:
capibmadm powervs image import --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> -b <bucketname>  --object rhel-83-10032020.ova.gz --name <imagename> -r <region> --public-bucket --zone <zone> 

2. capibmadm powervs image list

Usage:

List PowerVS images.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS service instance zone.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs image list --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

PowerVS Network Commands

1. capibmadm powervs network create

Usage:

Create PowerVS network.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–cidr: The network CIDR. Required for private network type.

–name: The name of the network.

–public: Public (pub-vlan) network type (default true)

–private: Private (vlan) network type (default false)

–gateway: The gateway ip address.

–dns-servers: Comma separated list of DNS Servers to use for this network, Defaults to 8.8.8.8, 9.9.9.9.

–ip-ranges: Comma separated IP Address Ranges.

–jumbo: Enable MTU Jumbo Network.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
# Public network:
capibmadm powervs network create --public --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>
# Private network:
capibmadm powervs network create --private --cidr <cidr> --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>
# Private network with ip address ranges:
capibmadm powervs network create --private --cidr <cidr> --ip-ranges <start-ip>-<end-ip>,<start-ip>-<end-ip> --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

2. capibmadm powervs network delete

Usage:

Delete PowerVS network.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS service instance zone.

–network: Network ID or Name.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs network delete --network <network-name/network-id> --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

3. capibmadm powervs network list

Usage:

List PowerVS networks.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS service instance zone.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs network list --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

PowerVS Network Commands

1. capibmadm powervs port create

Usage:

Create PowerVS network port.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS service instance zone.

–network: Network ID/ Network Name.

–description: Description of the port.

–ip-address: The requested IP address of this port

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs port create --network <netword-id/network-name> --description <description> --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

2. capibmadm powervs port delete

Usage:

Delete PowerVS network port.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS zone.

–port-id: ID of network port.

–network: Network ID or Name.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs port delete --port-id <port-id> --network <network-name/network-id> --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

3. capibmadm powervs port list

Usage:

List PowerVS ports.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS zone.

–network: Network ID or Name.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs port list --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone> --network <network-name/network-id>

PowerVS SSH key Commands

1. capibmadm powervs key create

Usage:

Create an SSH key in the PowerVS environment.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS zone.

–name: The name of the SSH key.

Either of the arguments need to be provided:

–key: SSH RSA key string within a double quotation marks. For example, “ssh-rsa AAA… “.

–key-path: The absolute path to the SSH key file.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>

# Using SSH key
capibmadm powervs key create --name <key-name> --key "<ssh-key>" --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

# Using file-path to SSH key
capibmadm powervs key create --name <key-name> --key-path <path/to/ssh/key> --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

2. capibmadm powervs key delete

Usage:

Delete an SSH key in the PowerVS environment.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS zone.

–name: The name of the SSH key.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs key delete --name <key-name> --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

3. capibmadm powervs key list

Usage:

List all SSH Keys in the PowerVS environment.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–service-instance-id: PowerVS service instance id.

–zone: PowerVS zone.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm powervs key list --service-instance-id <service-instance-id> --zone <zone>

capibmadm vpc <commands>

1. VPC commands

• key

  • list
  • create
  • delete

• image

  • list

VPC image Commands

1. capibmadm vpc image list

Usage:

List images in given VPC region.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–region: VPC region.

–resource-group-name: IBM Cloud resource group name.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm vpc image list --region <region> --resource-group-name <resource-group>

VPC SSH key Commands

1. capibmadm vpc key list

Usage:

List SSH keys in given VPC region.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–region: VPC region.

–resource-group-name: IBM Cloud resource group name.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm vpc key list --region <region> --resource-group-name <resource-group>

2. capibmadm vpc key create

Usage:

Create a key in the VPC environment.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–name: The name of the key.

–resource-group-name: VPC resource group name.

–region: VPC region.

Either of the arguments need to be provided:

–public-key: Public key string within a double quotation marks. For example, “ssh-rsa AAA… “.

–key-path: The absolute path to the SSH key file.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>

capibmadm vpc key create --name <key-name> --region <region> --public-key "<public-key-string>"

capibmadm vpc key create --name <key-name> --region <region> --key-path <path/to/ssh/key>

3. capibmadm vpc key delete

Usage:

Delete a key in the VPC environment.

Environmental Variable:

IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: IBM Cloud API key.

Arguments:

–name: The name of the key.

–region: VPC region.

Example:

export IBMCLOUD_API_KEY=<api-key>
capibmadm vpc key delete --name <key-name> --region <region>

Developer Guide

• Rapid iterative development with Tilt
• Guide for API conversions
• Release Process
• Release Support Guidelines
• How to build the machine boot images
• Modules and tools dependencies
• E2E testing

Rapid iterative development with Tilt

Overview

This document describes how to use kind and Tilt for a simplified workflow that offers easy deployments and rapid iterative builds.

Prerequisites

1. Container Runtime Interface
   • Docker - v19.03 or newer
   • Podman - v3.0 or newer
2. kind v0.9 or newer (other clusters can be used if preload_images_for_kind is set to false)
3. kustomize
4. Tilt v0.30.8 or newer
5. envsubst or similar to handle clusterctl var replacement
6. Clone the Cluster API repository locally
7. Clone the cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud repository you want to deploy locally as well

If the user prefers to have Podman as the CRI, then follow the steps listed below:

1. Emulate Docker CLI with Podman: Instructions can be found here
2. On Mac OS migrate from Docker to Podman: Instructions can be found here.

1. Create Podman machine

$ podman machine init
$ podman machine start

2. Configure podman to use local registry

$ podman machine ssh
$ sudo vi /etc/containers/registries.conf

## at the end of the file add below content

[[registry]]
location = "localhost:5001"
insecure = true

3. Restart Podman machine

podman machine stop
podman machine start

Create a kind cluster

First, make sure you have a kind cluster and that your KUBECONFIG is set up correctly:

make kind-cluster

This local cluster will host the cluster-api controllers, which makes it the management cluster. The management cluster can be used to create and manage workload clusters on IBM Cloud.

Create a tilt-settings.yaml file

Next, create a tilt-settings.yaml file and place it in your local copy of cluster-api. Here is an example:

Example tilt-settings.yaml for CAPI-IBM clusters:

Make sure to set a valid API key for the field IBMCLOUD_API_KEY.

default_registry: "gcr.io/you-project-name-here"
provider_repos:
- ../cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud
enable_providers:
- ibmcloud
- kubeadm-bootstrap
- kubeadm-control-plane
kustomize_substitutions:
  IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"

Add following extra_args to log PowerVS REST API Requests/Responses

extra_args:
  ibmcloud:
    - '-v=5'

Different flavors of deploying workload clusters using CAPIBM.

Note: Currently, both ClusterClass and ClusterResourceset are experimental features.

1. Configuration to deploy PowerVS workload cluster with external cloud controller manager

To deploy workload cluster with PowerVS cloud controller manager(experimental) or to deploy workload cluster with cloud controller manager(experimental), set PROVIDER_ID_FORMAT to v2 and enable cluster resourceset feature gate under kustomize_substitutions.

This requires setting the feature gate EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET to true under kustomize_substitutions.

default_registry: "gcr.io/you-project-name-here"
provider_repos:
- ../cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud
enable_providers:
- ibmcloud
- kubeadm-bootstrap
- kubeadm-control-plane
kustomize_substitutions:
  IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
  PROVIDER_ID_FORMAT: "v2"
  EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET: "true"

2. Configuration to deploy workload cluster from ClusterClass template

To deploy workload cluster with clusterclass-template, set the PROVIDER_ID_FORMAT to v2 under kustomize_substitutions.

This requires setting the feature gates EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET and CLUSTER_TOPOLOGY to true under kustomize_substitutions.

default_registry: "gcr.io/you-project-name-here"
provider_repos:
- ../cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud
enable_providers:
- ibmcloud
- kubeadm-bootstrap
- kubeadm-control-plane
kustomize_substitutions:
  IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
  PROVIDER_ID_FORMAT: "v2"
  EXP_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_SET: "true"
  CLUSTER_TOPOLOGY: "true"

3. Configuration to deploy workload cluster with Custom Service Endpoint

To deploy workload cluster with Custom Service Endpoint, Set SERVICE_ENDPOINT environmental variable in semi-colon separated format: ${ServiceRegion}:${ServiceID1}=${URL1},${ServiceID2}=${URL2...}

default_registry: "gcr.io/you-project-name-here"
provider_repos:
- ../cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud
enable_providers:
- ibmcloud
- kubeadm-bootstrap
- kubeadm-control-plane
kustomize_substitutions:
  IBMCLOUD_API_KEY: "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
  SERVICE_ENDPOINT: "us-south:vpc=https://us-south-stage01.iaasdev.cloud.ibm.com,powervs=https://dal.power-iaas.test.cloud.ibm.com,rc=https://resource-controller.test.cloud.ibm.com"
  IBMCLOUD_AUTH_URL: "https://iam.test.cloud.ibm.com"

NOTE: For information about all the fields that can be used in the tilt-settings.yaml file, check them here.

Run Tilt

To launch your development environment, run:

tilt up

Kind cluster becomes a management cluster after this point, check the pods running on the kind cluster by running kubectl get pods -A.

Create workload clusters

To provision your workload cluster, check the Creating a cluster section for VPC and PowerVS.

After deploying it, check the tilt logs and wait for the clusters to be created.

Clean up

Before deleting the kind cluster, make sure you delete all the workload clusters.

kubectl delete cluster <clustername>
tilt up (ctrl-c)
kind delete cluster

Guide for API conversions

Introduction

The purpose of this document is to help/assist contributors with future API conversions using conversion-gen tool.

Prerequisites

1. Create a new API version.

kubebuilder create api --group <group> --version <version> --kind <kind>

2. Copy over existing types, and make the required changes.
3. Mark a storage version, add marker +kubebuilder:storageversion to concerned version package.

NOTE: Refer for more detailed information about prerequisites.

Conversion flow

1. In each “spoke” version package, add marker +k8s:conversion-gen directive pointing to the “hub” version package. It must be in doc.go. Refer
2. In “hub” version package, create doc.go file without any marker. Refer
3. In “spoke” version package, add a var localSchemeBuilder = &SchemeBuilder.SchemeBuilder in groupversion_info.go so the auto-generated code would compile. Refer
4. In “hub” version package, create a conversion.go to implement the “hub” methods. Refer
5. Run target make generate-go-conversions-core, this will generate zz_generated.conversion.go in the spoke version package.
6. In “spoke” version package, update {kind}_conversion.go to implement Convertible for each type. When conversion-gen stops generating methods because of incompatibilities or we need to override the behavior, we stick them in this source file. Our “spoke” versions need to implement the Convertible interface. Namely, they’ll need ConvertTo and ConvertFrom methods to convert to/from the hub version. Refer

References

• What are hubs and spokes?
• Sample Tutorial

Release Process

Alpha/Beta releases

• Create a tag and push

  git clone git@github.com:kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud.git
  git tag -s -m "v0.2.0-alpha.3" v0.2.0-alpha.3
  git push origin v0.2.0-alpha.3
  

• Wait for the google cloud build to be finished
• Create a draft release with release notes for the tag
• Tick the prerelease checkbox
• Download the artifacts once cloud build is finished

  gsutil -m cp \
   "gs://artifacts.k8s-staging-capi-ibmcloud.appspot.com/components/v0.2.0-alpha.3/cluster-template-powervs.yaml" \
   "gs://artifacts.k8s-staging-capi-ibmcloud.appspot.com/components/v0.2.0-alpha.3/cluster-template.yaml" \
   "gs://artifacts.k8s-staging-capi-ibmcloud.appspot.com/components/v0.2.0-alpha.3/infrastructure-components.yaml" \
   "gs://artifacts.k8s-staging-capi-ibmcloud.appspot.com/components/v0.2.0-alpha.3/metadata.yaml" \
   .
  

• Upload the downloaded artifacts into the release asset
• Publish the drafted release

Note: In the above instructions, v0.2.0-alpha.3 is the version/tag is being released

GA Releases

• Create a tag and push

  git clone git@github.com:kubernetes-sigs/cluster-api-provider-ibmcloud.git
  git tag -s -m "v0.1.0" v0.1.0
  git push origin v0.1.0
  

• Wait for the google cloud build to be finished
• Create a draft release with release notes for the tag
• Perform the image promotion process:
  • Clone and pull down the latest from kubernetes/k8s.io
  • Create a new branch in your fork of kubernetes/k8s.io.
  • The staging repository is here.
  • Once image is present in the above staging repository, find the sha256 tag for the image by following instructions

  $ manifest-tool inspect --raw gcr.io/k8s-staging-capi-ibmcloud/cluster-api-ibmcloud-controller:v0.1.0 | jq '.[0].Digest'
  "sha256:6c92a6a337ca5152eda855ac27c9e4ca1f30bba0aa4de5c3a0b937270ead4363"
  

  • In your kubernetes/k8s.io branch edit k8s.gcr.io/images/k8s-staging-capi-ibmcloud/images.yaml and add an entry for the version using the sha256 value got from the above command. For example: "sha256:6c92a6a337ca5152eda855ac27c9e4ca1f30bba0aa4de5c3a0b937270ead4363": ["v0.1.0"]
  • You can use this PR as example
  • Wait for the PR to be approved and merged
  • Run make release command
  • Copy the content from out directory to release asset
  • Publish the drafted release

Note: In the above instructions, v0.1.0 is the version/tag is being released

Release Support Guidelines

Branches

Cluster API Provider IBM Cloud has two types of branches: the main branch and release-X branches.

The main branch is where development happens. All the latest and greatest code, including breaking changes, happens on main.

The release-X branches contain stable, backwards compatible code. On every major or minor release, a new branch is created. It is from these branches that minor and patch releases are tagged. In some cases, it may be necessary to open PRs for bugfixes directly against stable branches, but this should generally not be the case.

Support and guarantees

Cluster API Provider IBM Cloud maintains the most recent release/releases for all supported API and contract versions. Support for this section refers to the ability to backport and release patch versions; standard backport policy is defined here.

• The API version is determined from the GroupVersion defined in the top-level api/ package.
• The EOL date of each API Version is determined from the last release available once a new API version is published.

• For the current stable API version (v1beta2) we support the two most recent minor releases; older minor releases are immediately unsupported when a new major/minor release is available.
• For older API versions we only support the most recent minor release until the API version reaches EOL.
• We will maintain test coverage for all supported minor releases for the current stable API version in case we have to do an emergency patch release. For example, if v0.5 and v0.6 are currently supported. When v0.7 is released, tests for v0.5 will be removed.

• The CAPI, k8s and test packages will receive regular updates for supported releases to ensure they remain synchronized with the CAPI release being utilized as an integral component of the provider release. This activity is ideally scheduled to occur with every new n-1 and n-2 CAPI minor releases.
• The IBM packages will be monitored for latest updates in conjunction with CAPI minor release update activity, as long as there are no disruptive changes that impact the project stability.
• Exceptions can be filed with maintainers and taken into consideration on a case-by-case basis.

How to build the machine boot images

VPC

• Building CAPI Images for IBMCLOUD (CAPIBM) VPC

Example

To build an image using a specific version of Kubernetes use the “PACKER_FLAGS” environment variable like in the example below:

# Clone the image-builder repository
$ git clone https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder.git
$ cd image-builder/images/capi
$ PACKER_FLAGS="--var 'kubernetes_rpm_version=1.26.2-0' --var 'kubernetes_semver=v1.26.2' --var 'kubernetes_series=v1.26' --var 'kubernetes_deb_version=1.26.2-00'" make build-qemu-ubuntu-2004

PowerVS

• Building CAPI Images for IBMCLOUD (CAPIBM) PowerVS

Example

Compose the user-variables.json file containing the information for the PowerVS

{
  "account_id": "",
  "apikey": "",
  "capture_cos_access_key": "",
  "capture_cos_bucket": "",
  "capture_cos_region": "",
  "capture_cos_secret_key": "",
  "key_pair_name": "",
  "kubernetes_deb_version": "",
  "kubernetes_rpm_version": "",
  "kubernetes_semver": "",
  "kubernetes_series": "",
  "region": "",
  "service_instance_id": "",
  "ssh_private_key_file": "",
  "zone": "",
  "dhcp_network": "false"
}

• account_id: IBM Cloud account ID
• apikey: IBM Cloud API Key
• capture_cos_access_key: IBM Cloud Object Storage(COS) access key where the image will be exported
• capture_cos_bucket: IBM Cloud Object Storage(COS) bucket name
• capture_cos_region: IBM Cloud Object Storage(COS) bucket region
• capture_cos_secret_key: IBM Cloud Object Storage(COS) secret key
• key_pair_name: SSH key name present in the PowerVS
• kubernetes_deb_version: Kubernetes deb version, e.g: 1.24.2-00
• kubernetes_rpm_version: Kubernetes RPM package version, e.g: 1.24.2-0
• kubernetes_semver: e.g: v1.24.2
• kubernetes_series: e.g: v1.24
• region: PowerVS region, e.g: osa
• service_instance_id: PowerVS service instance ID
• ssh_private_key_file: Path to the SSH private key file used to connect to the vm while image preparation, e.g: /Users/manjunath/.ssh/id_rsa
• zone: PowerVS zone, e.g: osa21
• dhcp_network: Set to true if the image has to be built with DHCP support

Note:

1. When setting dhcp_network: true, you need to build an OS image with certain network settings using pvsadm tool and replace the fields with the custom image details.
2. Clone the image-builder repo and run make build commands from a system where the DHCP private IP can be reached and SSH able(you can use a transit gateway with connections added for VPC and PowerVS workspace and build the image from a virtual server instance in VPC).

# Clone the image-builder repository
$ git clone https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/image-builder.git
$ cd image-builder/images/capi
$ ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS="-o HostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-rsa -o PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms=+ssh-rsa" PACKER_VAR_FILES=user-variables.json make build-powervs-centos-8

Modules and tools dependencies

CAPI Packages

• K8s Packages

• Test Packages

Note: The K8s and Test packages are subject to updates with each new CAPI package release.

IBM Packages

Tools used by E2E tests.

Other Tools

E2E Testing

Introduction

• The end-to-end tests for VPC and PowerVS run on an internal prow cluster on IBM Cloud.
• Resource management is handled via boskos which is an efficient way to lease infra and clean up after every run.
• The E2E tests use the Cluster API test framework. For more information on developing E2E tests, refer here.

Jobs

The following periodic jobs are being run on main branch once every day.

1. periodic-capi-provider-ibmcloud-e2e-powervs
2. periodic-capi-provider-ibmcloud-e2e-vpc

We also test the last two releases, release-0.5 and release-0.6 once every week.

Running the end-to-end tests locally

For development and debugging the E2E tests, they can be executed locally.

1. Set the flavor you want to test. By default it is set to powervs-md-remeditaion.

export E2E_FLAVOR=<e2e-flavor>

2. Set the infra environment variables accrodingly based on the flavor being tested. Check the required variables for VPC and PowerVS being set in ci-e2e.sh.
3. Run the e2e test

./scripts/ci-e2e.sh

Troubleshooting

1. Tilt stops working as not able to connect to kind cluster

% kind get clusters
 enabling experimental podman provider
 ERROR: failed to list clusters: command "podman ps -a --filter label=io.x-k8s.kind.cluster --format '{{index .Labels "io.x-k8s.kind.cluster"}}'" failed with error: exit status 125
 Command Output: Cannot connect to Podman. Please verify your connection to the Linux system using `podman system connection list`, or try `podman machine init` and `podman machine start` to manage a new Linux VM
 Error: unable to connect to Podman socket: failed to connect: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:61514: connect: connection refused

1. Stop and start the Podman either via cli or from Podman Desktop.

   $ podman machine stop
   $ podman machine start
   

2. Run all the stopped containers like capi-test-control-plane, capi-test-worker, kind-registry.

   $ podman container list -a
     CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                                    NAMES
     512cee59230c  docker.io/library/registry:2             kind-registry
     5b99fd84c41e  docker.io/kindest/node@sha256            capi-test-worker
     94130af58929  docker.io/kindest/node@sha256            capi-test-control-plane
   
   $ podman container start 512cee59230c 5b99fd84c41e 94130af58929
   

3. Try re-running tilt up from cluster-api directory.

2. SSH into data/control plane node configured with DHCP network

1. Since the VM backing the node is configured with DHCP network which is private we can’t directly SSH into it.

2. Create a public VM in the same workspace and attach the DHCP network to it.

   1. Create public network in PowerVS workspace if it does not exist using ibmcloud cli

   $ibmcloud pi subnet create publicnet1 --net-type public
   

   2. List the available images to create VM

   $ibmcloud pi image lc
   

   3. Create the VM with public and DHCP subnet.

   $ibmcloud pi instance create publicVM --image testrhel88 --subnets DHCPSERVERcapi-powervs-new_Private,publicnet1
   

   4. Get the public IP of created VM

   $ibmcloud pi ins get publicVM
   

3. SSH into the DHCP VM using public VM as a jump host.

   ssh -J root@<public_ip> root@<dhcp_ip>
   

Reference

Further references to the Cluster API Provider IBM Cloud - CAPIBM project.

• API reference
• Regions-Zones Mapping

API References

Cluster API Provider IBMCloud currently exposes the following APIs:

• The Cluster API Provider IBMCloud Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs): documentation

• Golang APIs: godoc

Regions-Zones Mapping

References:

1. IBM Cloud doc for the PowerVS locations
2. IBM Cloud doc for the VPC Regions
3. IBM Cloud doc for Transit Gateway locations